Will HRD Minister
Revive Sanskrit?
Sanskrit is the oldest language
in the world. When the art of speech was not invented and no language was spoken,
Sanskrit was its high peak of development and it had its literature par
excellence i.e. Rigveda. That is the reason it has been recognized by the
UNESCO as one of the World Heritage. It is beyond debate that almost all Indian
languages born out of Sanskrit except the languages spoken in the South.
However, those South Indian Languages are also indebted to Sanskrit as Sanskrit
made their vocabulary rich and facilitated for their enrichment in many ways. Even
the Linguists and Philologists affirm that Sanskrit is the oldest language and they
maintain that some of the foreign languages might have been originated from
Sanskrit and the others were facilitated. Sanskrit has a great history,
heritage and culture besides a wonderful grammar - the world ever exposed to.
The Paninian Grammar has been applauded even by the Computer Scientists those
who work on Artificial Intelligence. John Buckus in 1969 authored an Artificial
Language for the computers. The Computer Scientists say and recognize that
Paninian Grammar has been written in such a systematic language that equals the
Programming Language of computers authored by John Buckus of the modern days. As
a result many programmes on Sanskrit Grammar have been developed by various
institutions such as IIT, Kanpur, IIIT, Hyderabad, JNU, New Delhi, Rashtriya
Sanskrit Sansthan, New Delhi, and of course with the encouragement and support
of the Department of Electronics under Government of India. Sanskrit is being
taught as a compulsory language in many States of India and as optional
language in other states. Every state offers Sanskrit either as compulsory or
optional language except Tamil Nadu and some North Eastern States. The
increasing number of Sanskrit Universities established by the State Governments
shows the prominence of the language. At present there are 12 Sanskrit
Universities established by various State Governments and 3 Deemed to be
Universities under Union Government. Even, one of the NE States, Assam has
established a Sanskrit University 5 years back. Further opening of the Campus
at Agartala in Tripura by Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan shows explicitly the
growing importance of Sanskrit and its acceptability among the people. And
Rajasthan is the first State to have a Cabinet Minister for Sanskrit Education
and Uttara Khand is the first State to declare Sanskrit as the Second Official
Language of the State. Increasing prominence of the language shows the parallel
growth in the interest of the public.
In addition to this formal system of learning of Sanskrit, it is being
taught in a Gurukula system and such Gurukulas are plenty in numbers spreading
all over the Nation. They adopt the oral teaching method which stood as a
foolproof system in teaching Shastras since the time immemorial. Moreover, the
language is being used by Pandits from Himalayas to Kanyakumari to perform all Rituals
(Samskaras) from Impregnation (Garbhadhana) to Funeral. It is the language used
by Priests (Pujaris) all over India to perform worships (Pujas) and prayers (Archanas)
of the Deity. In this way Sanskrit unites India to the extent beyond its identity
as a language. This is the language in which the first literature of the world
available. This provides slogans and mottos to the institutions and
organizations such as Satyameva Jayate, Aharnisham Sevaamahe. These small pieces
of captions convey the intended meaning in one word or phrase for which
generally a number of words are required in other languages. For instance, if
we take the word Achaaryavaan in Sanskrit, the meaning of this word cannot be
conveyed in other languages in a single word.
One has to go for a sentence or combination of words to convey the right
meaning of the word such as in English one has to use ‘one who got the teacher’
to convey the meaning of the word. Eventually, the spiritual and ethical
literature abundantly available in Sanskrit makes everyone to run after it. Everybody
feels that Sanskrit is the language of the Soul in which piece of mind,
spiritual satisfaction, philosophical ideas, ways of good and healthy life
etc., are profusely available. These
exceptional characters of this language augment its importance in society, in
the field Linguistics, Philology, Philosophy, literature etc., and in an
individual. Though there are scientific, technological, astronomical,
geological and other principles and concepts, those are not quoted here as they
may require verification in terms of modern faculties.
When Murali Manoihar Joshi was
the Union Minister of HRD, he made a provision for appointing one Sanskrit
scholar in the IITs to explore the potential of Sanskrit. He also introduced
through the UGC a PG course in Jyotirvijnan almost in all the Universities
besides establishing Spoken Sanskrit Centres through formal education set up. These
steps were taken keeping in view the importance of the language. However, after
some time the down fall of Sanskrit started where hitherto compulsory language Sanskrit
was made optional language in Kendriya Vidyalayas and in Novodaya Vidyalayas
there is no place in the curriculum for Sanskrit at all. How an Indian could
get the glimpse of our culture, heritage and even history without studying
Sanskrit? Whereas the NRIs are in large numbers admit their children in
institutions in India and make them to learn Sanskrit. The biblical Hebrew was
made the State language when there were only a few Hebrew speakers in the whole
Israel. Now in Israel everybody speaks Hebrew. This impossible and unimaginable
thing realized by the serious and sincere State efforts with the cooperation of
the public. Only objection leveled against Sanskrit is that it is the language
of the elite and the down trodden people were prevented from learning the
language. In the changed context, in a democratic environment and when the
Union and the State Governments adopted RTE policy, no one could prevent
anybody from learning the language and could keep the language among the elite
only.
Keeping all these in view, this
is high time that the present HRD Minister initiate Sanskrit promotional
programmes on persuasive and rapid phase.
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